Question 1

What does “all have sinned and come short of the glory of God” mean?

Accepted Answer

The phrase means every person has sinned and failed to meet God’s standard. God made people to reflect his glory and to please him, but sin has twisted our hearts and actions. Because of this, no one can stand before God and boast or claim to be right in themselves. “Coming short of the glory of God” points to falling short of his approval, his righteous standard, and the eternal life he gives. This levels the ground for everyone: all need mercy, and no one is good enough on their own.

Question 2

What is meant by being “justified freely by his grace”?

Accepted Answer

To be justified is to be counted right with God, cleared from guilt in his courtroom. “Freely by his grace” means this is a gift, not a wage. God does not justify people because of their works, goodness, or effort, but because of his own kindness and love. He planned, provided, and gives this right standing at no cost to us, though it cost Christ his life. There is no “half and half” where we earn part and God does the rest. Our righteousness before God is entirely from his grace.

Question 3

What is “the redemption that is in Christ Jesus”?

Accepted Answer

Redemption means being set free by a price being paid. This passage says that freedom from sin’s guilt, the curse of the law, and the hold of death comes only through Jesus Christ. By his obedience, sufferings, and death, he took the place of sinners, bore their sins, and satisfied God’s just judgment. Because of this, those who are in Christ are released from condemnation. All the blessings of salvation, including justification, come to us through this redemption that he worked out, not through anything we can earn.

Question 4

How do sin and grace relate in this passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage first shows the depth of the problem: everyone has sinned and fallen short of God’s glory. Left to ourselves, we have no righteousness and no claim on God. Then it turns to God’s answer: he justifies sinners freely by his grace. Sin explains why we cannot be right with God by law or works. Grace explains how God, on his own initiative, provides righteousness through Jesus. Our sin is real and serious, but God’s grace in Christ is more than enough to cover it and give us a new standing before him.

Question 5

Why can’t the law justify anyone in this context?

Accepted Answer

In this section, the law shows people their sin instead of clearing them. Since all have sinned, the law can only expose that failure and pronounce guilt. To be justified by the law, a person would need perfect, unbroken obedience, which no one has. That is why Paul points away from the law as a way of being right with God and points to a different way: God’s righteousness given through faith in Jesus Christ. The law leaves us guilty; God’s grace in Christ gives a new, gifted righteousness.

Question 6

What does this passage teach about God’s character?

Accepted Answer

These verses show God as holy and just, because he does not ignore sin, and at the same time full of grace, because he freely justifies sinners. He does not lower his standard or pretend we are better than we are. Instead, he provides redemption in Christ so that his justice is satisfied and his mercy is poured out. It shows God taking the initiative: planning salvation, sending his Son, and giving righteousness as a gift. He is both the one who judges sin and the one who saves sinners.

Question 7

How should someone respond to the truth that all have sinned?

Accepted Answer

Hearing that all have sinned should lead to honesty and humility. Instead of comparing ourselves with others or trusting our own goodness, we admit we fall short of God’s glory. But the passage does not leave us in despair. It immediately points to God’s free grace in Christ. The right response is to stop relying on our works, turn from sin, and trust in Jesus and his redemption. This leads to thankful dependence on God, rather than pride or fear, knowing our standing rests on his grace, not our record.

Question 8

Why does this verse say justification is both “freely” and “by his grace”?

Accepted Answer

The wording piles up to make the point very clear. “Freely” shows that nothing in us earned or moved God to justify us. “By his grace” shows the reason is found only in God’s own kindness and favor. This rules out the idea that we contribute part of our righteousness and God finishes it. Instead, from the first thought of saving us to the finished gift of righteousness, everything comes from God. He gets all the praise, and we receive everything as a gift through Jesus Christ’s redemption.

Romans 3:23

For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;

Righteousness through Faith in Christ

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Romans 3:23

For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;

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Righteousness through Faith in Christ

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