Question 1

What does it mean that God repays his adversaries according to their deeds?

Accepted Answer

The passage says God will repay people “according to their deeds,” giving “fury to his adversaries” and “recompence to his enemies.” This shows that God does not ignore evil or injustice. He answers it in a way that fits what has been done. Those who harm his people and fight against him will face his anger in a fair and measured way. This is not blind rage, but righteous payback. It also comforts believers, because it means God sees their suffering and will, in his time, set things right.

Question 2

What does it mean that people will fear the name of the Lord from west to east?

Accepted Answer

When the text says they will fear the Lord’s name from the west and his glory from the rising of the sun, it is saying that respect for God will spread across the whole earth. Both his judgment on enemies and his saving work will make his name known. People in distant places, even on faraway islands, will see what God has done and stand in awe of him. This points to a time when true worship is not limited to one nation, but reaches many nations across the world.

Question 3

What does “when the enemy shall come in like a flood” mean?

Accepted Answer

The picture here is of an enemy rushing in with the force and speed of a flood, threatening to sweep everything away. This can describe times when evil, lies, or persecution seem to pour into the world or into the lives of God’s people. The promise is that when that happens, “the Spirit of the Lord shall lift up a standard against him.” God does not leave his people to be overrun. By his Spirit he raises up a banner, a line of defense, and stops what looks unstoppable.

Question 4

How does the Spirit of the Lord lift up a standard against the enemy?

Accepted Answer

A “standard” is like a banner carried into battle that people rally around. This verse says the Spirit of the Lord will lift up such a standard when the enemy floods in. Faithful readers have seen this as God raising up Christ and his good news, and also godly servants who preach and live that truth. By the Spirit, God pushes back lies, sin, and persecution. In personal struggles, the Spirit points believers to Christ’s cross, his righteousness, and God’s promises, which steadies their hearts and weakens the enemy’s attack.

Question 5

Who is the Redeemer who will come to Zion?

Accepted Answer

The Redeemer in this passage is the promised Messiah, fulfilled in Jesus Christ. A redeemer is someone who buys back or rescues those in bondage. Here he comes “to Zion,” that is, to God’s people, and especially to those “that turn from transgression in Jacob.” This shows that his coming is for people who repent and turn from their sin. He does not only free them from outward troubles, but also from the guilt and power of sin, bringing them back to God in mercy and grace.

Question 6

What does it mean to turn from transgression in Jacob?

Accepted Answer

“Them that turn from transgression in Jacob” are people from among God’s people who truly repent. To turn from transgression means to stop excusing sin, admit it is wrong, and turn away from it toward God. Here it especially points to those who stop rejecting God’s chosen Redeemer and instead trust him. This shows that the promised rescue is not automatic for everyone by birth, but is joined with real turning of heart. The Redeemer comes to those who come to him in repentance and faith.

Question 7

What is God’s covenant in ‘my Spirit’ and ‘my words’ in this passage?

Accepted Answer

God says, “This is my covenant with them,” and then speaks of his Spirit on his servant, and his words in his mouth, staying with them and their descendants forever. This covenant is God’s promise to keep his Spirit and his revealed word among his people in every generation. It means God will not abandon his church. There will always be a people who have his Spirit at work in them and who hold to his truth. This also hints at the perseverance of true believers, kept by the Spirit and the word.

Question 8

How long will God’s Spirit and words remain with his people?

Accepted Answer

The Lord says his Spirit and his words “shall not depart” from his people’s mouth, nor from their children, “from henceforth and for ever.” This is very strong language. It shows that God’s purposes with his people stretch far beyond one time or one group. Through all ages there will be a seed, a line of believers, among whom his Spirit lives and his word is spoken. Even when the church seems small or weak, this promise stands: God will always keep a people for himself who know and speak his truth.

Question 9

What does this passage teach about God’s character?

Accepted Answer

These verses show God as both just and merciful. He repays enemies according to their deeds, which shows he takes sin and injustice seriously. At the same time, he sends a Redeemer to Zion for those who turn from sin, and he makes a lasting covenant to keep his Spirit and word with his people. He does not leave them to save themselves, but steps in when no one else can. He also protects them when evil comes in like a flood. So we see God as holy, fair, faithful, and deeply committed to his people.

Question 10

Why do some readers find the phrase about the enemy and the flood difficult?

Accepted Answer

The line about the enemy coming in like a flood and the Spirit lifting up a standard has wording that can be read in more than one way. Some understand it mainly as the enemy rushing in and God’s Spirit pushing him back. Others read it as the Lord himself coming in like a strong flood, with the Spirit raising him up as a banner. Both views keep the same main idea: evil will not have the last word. God, by his Spirit, will act with power and will not let his people be swept away.

Isaiah 59:18

According to their deeds, accordingly he will repay, fury to his adversaries, recompence to his enemies; to the islands he will repay recompence.

The Covenant of the Redeemer

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Isaiah 59:18

According to their deeds, accordingly he will repay, fury to his adversaries, recompence to his enemies; to the islands he will repay recompence.

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The Covenant of the Redeemer

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