Question 1

Who are Pharez and Zarah in this passage and why do they matter?

Accepted Answer

Pharez and Zarah are the twin sons born to Tamar by Judah. Their birth comes after a sinful and shameful situation in Judah’s family, where Judah slept with Tamar, his daughter-in-law. God still uses this broken story to continue the family line of Judah. Pharez, whose name means something like “breach” or “breaking forth,” becomes the one counted as first and later stands at the head of an important family in the tribe of Judah. From this line, kings and, in time, the Messiah would come, showing God’s mercy even in human failure.

Question 2

Why did the midwife tie a scarlet thread on the baby’s hand?

Accepted Answer

When Tamar went into labor, one of the twins put out his hand first. The midwife tied a scarlet thread around that hand and said, “This came out first.” In that culture, the firstborn son had special rights and honor, so it mattered who was born first. The scarlet thread was a simple way to mark which baby had appeared first so there would be no confusion later. But then the baby with the thread drew his hand back, and his brother came out ahead of him, making the birth very unusual and memorable.

Question 3

What does the name Pharez mean and why was he called that?

Accepted Answer

The name Pharez is linked to the idea of breaking out or making a breach. During the birth, the child whose hand came out first was marked, but then his brother suddenly pushed past and was actually born first. The midwife reacted in surprise and said something like, “How have you broken forth? This breach be upon you.” Because he broke through in such an unexpected way, they named him Pharez. His name kept the memory of this strange birth and the trouble around it in people’s minds.

Question 4

Why is this strange birth story included in the Bible at all?

Accepted Answer

This event is told right after Judah and Tamar’s sin is uncovered and Judah admits he was in the wrong. The unusual birth, with twins and the odd order of their coming out, serves as a kind of mark on the family. It reminds them and others of the shameful way these children were conceived. At the same time, it shows that God still chose to build up Judah’s house through them. Even though the parents sinned, God pardoned them and still brought from this line important families, and in time, the Messiah. So the story both warns and shows mercy.

Question 5

What is meant by the phrase “this breach be upon thee”?

Accepted Answer

The phrase comes from the midwife’s reaction when the second twin suddenly came out first. She had just marked the other baby’s hand with a thread, expecting him to be the firstborn. When the other child pushed past, she cried out in surprise and said, “How hast thou broken forth? This breach be upon thee.” The wording has been taken in more than one way. Some see it as surprise at the breaking through an unexpected barrier, others as a kind of saying that the responsibility or memory of this strange rupture rests with him. In either case, it explains why he was named Pharez.

Question 6

How does this passage connect to God’s larger plan of salvation?

Accepted Answer

Even though the story comes from a dark and messy part of Judah’s life, God uses it in his long-term plan. Pharez, the child born in such a strange way, is later listed among the ancestors of the Messiah. The passage shows that God does not only work through tidy or respectable situations. He can bring good out of shame, and from a deeply flawed family story he still carries forward the line that will lead to the Saviour. The detailed account of this birth helps trace that line and reminds readers of God’s patience and mercy.

Question 7

Why was Tamar’s labor described as difficult and unusual?

Accepted Answer

The passage hints that Tamar’s labor was hard. One baby’s hand comes out first, which is not the normal order, and then is drawn back, and the other baby comes out ahead. This suggests a troubling and dangerous delivery. The commentaries stress that this can be seen as a kind of correction for Tamar and Judah’s sin, and a sign meant to humble them. The strange birth left a permanent reminder of the way these children were conceived. It served as both a personal warning to them and a public sign that this sin carried lasting shame, even though there was also forgiveness.

Question 8

What does this passage teach about sin, shame, and God’s mercy?

Accepted Answer

The wider story shows Judah ready to condemn Tamar, then suddenly exposed as the guilty one himself. Both Judah and Tamar receive pardon, yet their sin is not swept away as if it never happened. The odd birth of the twins, marked with a scarlet thread and a breach, keeps their shame in memory. This teaches that forgiven sin can still leave real marks in life. At the same time, God does not cast them off. He continues to use this family to build the tribe of Judah and the line that leads to the Messiah. So the passage holds together both lasting shame and real mercy.

Genesis 38:27

¶ And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

The Birth of Perez and Zerah

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Genesis 38:27

¶ And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb.

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The Birth of Perez and Zerah

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