Question 1

What does it mean that the writer hated all his labor under the sun?

Accepted Answer

When the writer says he hated all his labor, he is not saying that work itself is evil. He is talking about how empty work feels when you look at it only from an earthly point of view, “under the sun.” He had worked hard, used wisdom, gained wealth, and built many things, but knew he would die and leave it all to someone else, who might be wise or might be a fool. Thinking about this made his heart sink, so his work felt bitter and pointless when God was left out of the picture.

Question 2

Why does the passage call leaving wealth to another person vanity and a great evil?

Accepted Answer

The passage calls this vanity and a great evil because someone can spend years working with wisdom, knowledge, and fairness, and then must leave everything to a person who did not work for it. There is no control over what that person will do. He may be wise or foolish, careful or wasteful. This feels deeply unfair and empty to the writer. It shows how fragile earthly gain is. Even the best-planned success can be handed over to someone who does not value it, which makes it a poor place to put your deepest hopes.

Question 3

What does this passage say about the pain and restlessness that come with work?

Accepted Answer

The passage describes work as full of sorrow and grief. It says a person’s days are filled with trouble and effort, and even at night his heart does not rest. This pictures a worker whose mind keeps turning, worried about his projects, money, and future. Work does not just tire the body, it weighs on the heart. This reflects the burden that came into human life when work became hard and painful. Without God’s comfort and purpose, labor becomes a grind that never truly lets a person relax inside.

Question 4

Why does the writer say there is nothing better than to eat, drink, and enjoy good in one’s labor?

Accepted Answer

When he says there is nothing better, he is not praising selfish pleasure or telling people to forget God. He is saying that, in a world where so much feels empty and short-lived, it is a good and fitting thing to receive daily blessings from God with a thankful heart. Eating, drinking, and enjoying the good that comes from your work means accepting simple gifts, not chasing endless gain. He also adds that this enjoyment is from the hand of God. So he is pointing away from greedy striving and toward humble, grateful use of what God gives.

Question 5

How is enjoyment of work and daily life described as a gift from God?

Accepted Answer

The passage says clearly that the ability to eat, drink, and enjoy good in your labor comes from the hand of God. It is not just about having things, but about having a heart that can take joy in them. God gives wisdom, knowledge, and joy to the person who is good in his sight. That means true enjoyment is not something we can force by working harder or gaining more. God must give it. When someone lives in a way that pleases God, God kindly lets that person taste real joy in ordinary life and work.

Question 6

What is the difference in this passage between the one who is good before God and the sinner?

Accepted Answer

The passage draws a sharp line between the two. The one who is good before God receives wisdom, knowledge, and joy from God. This person not only has things, but can enjoy them rightly. In contrast, the sinner is given hard labor, to gather and heap up wealth, but there is no real joy in it. In the end, what he piles up is given to the one who pleases God. So the sinner works and worries, but does not gain lasting benefit. This shows that a right heart before God matters more than how much a person owns.

Question 7

Why does the writer say the sinner gathers and heaps up wealth only to give it to someone good before God?

Accepted Answer

The writer is pointing out how strange life can look when we consider God’s rule over all things. A person who ignores God may work very hard, gain a lot, and think he is secure. Yet he does not receive the gift of true enjoyment. Over time, what he has stored up can end up in the hands of someone who does please God. This could happen through inheritance, change of power, or many other ways. The point is not to guess how, but to see that God controls the final outcome, and that riches without a right heart are empty.

Question 8

What does this passage teach about God’s sovereignty over work, joy, and wealth?

Accepted Answer

The passage teaches that God is in control of both what people gain and how they experience it. People can labor with wisdom and still lose what they built. Others labor in sin and only pile up wealth for someone else. God is the one who gives wisdom, knowledge, and joy to the person who is good in his sight. Even the simple ability to enjoy food, drink, and work is from him. This means life is not random. God rules over success, failure, and enjoyment, and true blessing comes from being right with him, not from what we own.

Question 9

How can someone today apply the message of this passage to their own work?

Accepted Answer

This passage invites a person to look at work honestly. If you see your job only as a way to build your own little kingdom, you may end up tired, anxious, and let down, knowing you will leave it all behind. Instead, you can see your work as something done before God, receive daily needs like food and rest as gifts, and thank him for any joy he gives in the process. It also warns against overworking to secure a future you cannot control, and encourages a balanced life that enjoys God’s gifts in the present.

Question 10

Why does the writer still call things vanity and vexation of spirit, even after speaking of God’s gifts?

Accepted Answer

The writer is being honest about life in a fallen world. Even when we know that joy is God’s gift, we still see how temporary and fragile earthly things are. Work, wealth, and plans still pass away. People still suffer, and inheritances still go to those who may waste them. So he keeps the word “vanity” to remind us that life “under the sun” is not where our deepest hope should rest. At the same time, he shows that God can give real, though limited, joy in this passing world, pointing us to find our rest in God himself.

Ecclesiastes 2:18

¶ Yea, I hated all my labour which I had taken under the sun: because I should leave it unto the man that shall be after me.

The Futility of Work

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Ecclesiastes 2:18

¶ Yea, I hated all my labour which I had taken under the sun: because I should leave it unto the man that shall be after me.

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The Futility of Work

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