Question 1

What does Paul mean by having lived in all good conscience before God?

Accepted Answer

When Paul says he has lived in all good conscience before God, he is saying that, as far as he knew, he has tried to serve God honestly his whole life. Even when he used to persecute Christians, he thought he was defending God’s honor. Later, when he met Jesus, his understanding was corrected, but his aim had always been to please God. A good conscience here is not claiming to be sinless, but to have no hidden double life, to walk openly before God, ready to answer to him.

Question 2

Why did the high priest Ananias command that Paul be struck on the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Ananias was angered by Paul’s bold claim to a clear conscience and likely saw it as disrespectful or arrogant. Instead of letting Paul make a proper defense, he abused his power and ordered that Paul be hit on the mouth. This shows how unfair the council was being. They were supposed to judge by God’s law, but the high priest ignored the basic rules of justice and allowed violence instead of a fair hearing, exposing the hypocrisy in his leadership.

Question 3

Why did Paul call Ananias a whited wall, and was that wrong?

Accepted Answer

Paul called Ananias a "whited wall" to picture someone who looks fine on the outside but is rotten inside. Ananias sat to judge Paul by the law while breaking the law by having him struck without a proper trial. Paul’s words were a sharp rebuke of that hypocrisy and a reminder that God would judge such behavior. The passage shows that it can be right to name sin and appeal to God’s judgment, but also that respect for rulers still matters, which Paul quickly admits when he hears Ananias is the high priest.

Question 4

Why did Paul say he did not know that Ananias was the high priest?

Accepted Answer

When told he had insulted the high priest, Paul replied that he did not know it was the high priest. This has been understood in more than one way. He may truly not have recognized who gave the order, since he had been away from Jerusalem. Or he may be saying that Ananias was not acting like a true high priest should. Either way, Paul then quotes Scripture about not speaking evil of a ruler, showing that he respects the office, even when the person holding it behaves badly.

Question 5

Why did Paul bring up being a Pharisee and the resurrection of the dead?

Accepted Answer

Paul knew the council was divided between Sadducees, who denied the resurrection and spirits, and Pharisees, who believed in both. By saying he was a Pharisee and that he was on trial because of the hope and resurrection of the dead, he shifted the focus from political charges to the real issue of his message. This moved some Pharisees to defend him and turned his accusers against each other. At the same time, he was telling the truth, because the hope of resurrection in Christ was at the heart of what he preached.

Question 6

What was the difference between the Sadducees and Pharisees in this passage?

Accepted Answer

This passage points to a sharp split. The Sadducees say there is no resurrection, no angel, and no spirit. They deny life after death and the existence of unseen spirits. The Pharisees, on the other hand, confess both the resurrection and the reality of angels and spirits. Because of this, when Paul speaks about the hope of resurrection and the possibility that a spirit or angel spoke to him, some Pharisees are willing to say they find no evil in him and warn that they should not fight against God if this is from God.

Question 7

How did God use the division in the council to protect Paul?

Accepted Answer

When Paul mentioned the resurrection, the long-standing disagreement between Sadducees and Pharisees exploded. They began arguing so fiercely that some Pharisees even spoke in Paul’s favor, saying they found no evil in him. The quarrel grew so violent that the Roman chief captain feared Paul would be torn apart. He ordered soldiers to rescue Paul and take him into the fortress. In this way, God used even the council’s division and anger to pull attention away from Paul and keep him physically safe for the work still ahead.

Question 8

What does it mean that the Lord stood by Paul and told him to be of good cheer?

Accepted Answer

That night, after all the shouting and danger, the Lord came near to Paul and spoke clearly to him. He told Paul to take courage, because just as he had spoken about the Lord in Jerusalem, he must also bear witness in Rome. This shows that Paul’s life was in God’s hands, not in the hands of the hostile council. It also shows the kindness of Jesus, who does not leave his servant alone in fear, but gives personal comfort and a clear promise about the next step in his calling.

Question 9

What does this passage teach about respecting authority that behaves unjustly?

Accepted Answer

This passage shows both honesty about sin and respect for authority. Paul calls out the high priest’s unjust order and warns that God will judge such hypocrisy. At the same time, when he hears he has spoken against the high priest, he admits his fault and quotes the command not to speak evil of a ruler. For believers today, this points to speaking truth about wrong actions without delighting in disrespect, remembering that all human rulers answer to God and that their office is still part of the order God has set.

Question 10

How can Paul’s clear conscience and God’s promise encourage believers today?

Accepted Answer

Paul faces false charges, violence, and deep unfairness, yet he can say he has a good conscience before God. That came from walking openly with God, turning from past sins, and serving Jesus as Lord. When everything around him is hostile, the Lord himself stands by him and promises he will keep witnessing in another city. Believers today can be encouraged to live honestly before God, to trust that he sees the whole story, and to rest in his presence and purpose, even when people misunderstand or oppose them.

Acts 23:1

And Paul, earnestly beholding the council, said, Men and brethren, I have lived in all good conscience before God until this day.

Paul before the Sanhedrin

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Acts 23:1

And Paul, earnestly beholding the council, said, Men and brethren, I have lived in all good conscience before God until this day.

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Paul before the Sanhedrin

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