Question 1

What was the main issue being debated in this passage?

Accepted Answer

The main issue was whether Gentile believers had to be circumcised and keep the law of Moses in order to be saved. Some from the group of Pharisees who had believed in Jesus were saying this was necessary. Paul, Barnabas, Peter, James, and the other apostles and elders met in Jerusalem to talk it through. The question was not about whether Gentiles could be saved, but on what basis they were saved: by keeping the Jewish law, or by God’s grace through faith in Jesus.

Question 2

Why did Peter call the law a yoke the fathers could not bear?

Accepted Answer

Peter had seen God give the Holy Spirit to Gentiles who believed, without putting the law of Moses on them. So he asked why anyone would “put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear.” By “yoke” he meant the full weight of the law as a way to be right with God. Israel had never kept it perfectly. If salvation depended on law-keeping, no one would stand. So Peter points them back to grace in Jesus instead.

Question 3

What does it mean that God purified their hearts by faith?

Accepted Answer

When Peter says God “put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith,” he is talking about how God accepts people. God, who knows the heart, showed that Gentile believers were clean in his sight the same way Jewish believers were. Their hearts were not cleansed by rituals or circumcision, but by trusting in Jesus. Faith in Christ, not the ceremonies of the law, is what brings inner cleansing and a right standing before God for both Jews and Gentiles.

Question 4

Why did James quote the prophets about rebuilding David’s tabernacle?

Accepted Answer

James listens to Peter, Paul, and Barnabas, then points to what the prophets had written. He quotes a promise about God returning and rebuilding “the tabernacle of David” so that the rest of humanity and “all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called,” would seek the Lord. James uses this to show that Gentiles coming to God through Jesus is not a surprise. It is part of God’s long-known plan. Their faith in Christ, without becoming Jewish, fits what God had already said he would do.

Question 5

Why were Gentile believers told to avoid idols, fornication, strangled things, and blood?

Accepted Answer

James says they should not trouble Gentile believers with the law of Moses, but should write to them to avoid four things: the pollutions of idols, fornication, things strangled, and blood. Idols and sexual sin were common in pagan worship, so turning from them showed clear break with their old life. Avoiding blood and strangled animals also helped peace with Jewish believers, who heard Moses read in the synagogues every Sabbath and had strong concerns about these things.

Question 6

What does this passage teach about how a person is saved?

Accepted Answer

This passage is very clear that people are saved by the grace of the Lord Jesus, not by keeping the law. Peter says, “We believe that through the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.” God gave the Holy Spirit to Gentiles when they believed, before they were circumcised or took on the law. Their hearts were purified by faith. The council agrees not to put the law on Gentile believers as a condition for salvation.

Question 7

Who are the Pharisees who believed mentioned in this passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage speaks of “certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed.” These were people from the Pharisee group who had come to believe that Jesus is the Messiah. Yet they still held tightly to the customs and rules they were raised with. They wanted Gentile Christians to be circumcised and keep the law of Moses. Their concern shows how hard it was for some Jewish believers to accept that in Christ, Gentiles could belong to God without taking on those rituals.

Question 8

How does the decision of this council help church unity?

Accepted Answer

The meeting in Jerusalem brings different voices together to listen, speak, and look at what God has done. Peter and Paul tell what God did among Gentiles, James ties it to Scripture, and then they agree on a way forward. By affirming salvation by grace through faith and not burdening Gentiles with the law, they protect the heart of the gospel. By asking Gentiles to avoid certain practices, they also care about the consciences of Jewish believers. This shared agreement helps keep the church together.

Question 9

How can this passage guide believers today when they face disagreements?

Accepted Answer

This passage shows that when serious disagreements arise, believers should come together, listen carefully, and pay attention to what God has already shown in Scripture and experience. The apostles did not rush or split; they heard each side, remembered God’s work, and sought a path that guarded the truth of the gospel and cared for people. Today, this can guide us to avoid adding extra rules to the message of grace, while also being patient and gentle with those who struggle with change.

Acts 15:5

But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.

The Council at Jerusalem

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Acts 15:5

But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.

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The Council at Jerusalem

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